Large exchange bias in magnetic shape memory alloys by tuning magnetic ground state and magnetic-field history

Liao, Xiaoqi and Gao, Lumei and Wang, Yu and Xu, Xin and Khan, Muhammad Tahir and Chang, Tieyan and Kaiyun, Chen and Zeng, Yu-Jia and Yang, Sen and Svedlindh, Peter Large exchange bias in magnetic shape memory alloys by tuning magnetic ground state and magnetic-field history. SCIENCE CHINA Materials.

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Abstract

The exchange bias is of technological significance in magnetic recording and spintronic devices. Pursuing a large bias field is a long-term goal for the research field
of magnetic shape memory alloys. In this work, a large bias
field of 0.53 T is achieved in the Ni50Mn34In16−xFex (x = 1, 3, 5)
system by tuning the magnetic ground state (determined by
the composition x) and the magnetic-field history (determined
by the magnetic field HFC during field cooling and the maximum field HMax during isothermal magnetization). The
maximum volume fraction of the interfaces between the ferromagnetic clusters and antiferromagnetic matrix and the
strong interfacial interaction are achieved by tuning the
magnetic ground state and the magnetic-field history, which
results in strong magnetic unidirectional anisotropy and the
large exchange bias. Moreover, two guidelines were proposed
to obtain the large bias field. Firstly, the composition with a
magnetic ground state consisting of the dilute spin glass and
the strong antiferromagnetic matrix is preferred to obtain a
large bias field; secondly, tuning the magnetic-field history by
enhancing HFC and reducing HMax is beneficial to achieving
large exchange bias. Our work provides an effective way for
designing magnetically inhomogeneous compounds with large
exchange bias.

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