Tylophora hirsuta L. leaf extract attenuates alloxan-induced diabetes in mice by suppressing oxidative stress and α-amylase

Akhtar, Muhammad Furqan (2021) Tylophora hirsuta L. leaf extract attenuates alloxan-induced diabetes in mice by suppressing oxidative stress and α-amylase. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine.

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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the antidiabetic potential of leaf extracts of
Tylophora hirsuta (T. hirsuta).
Methods: The methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of T. hirsuta
leaves were analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography. In
vitro antioxidant activity was determined by ferric ion reduction, 1,
1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging
methods. In vitro alpha amylase (α-amylase) inhibitory activity of
the plant extracts was assessed. In vivo antidiabetic potential was
determined in alloxan-induced diabetic mice to assess glycated
hemoglobin (HbA1c), oral glucose tolerance, serum amylase, lipid
profile, fasting blood glucose, and body weight. Histopathological
lesions of the pancreas, liver and kidney were observed. Oxidative
stress biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and
peroxidase were also determined.
Results: Quercetin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and
m-coumaric acid were found in the plant extracts. The methanolic
plant extract exhibited higher in vitro antioxidant activities than
the ethyl acetate extract. Moreover, methanolic plant extract
exhibited (83.90±1.56)% α-amylase inhibitory activity at 3.2 mg/
mL concentration. Animal study showed that the methanolic
extract of T. hirsuta improved the levels of fasting blood glucose,
HbA1c, serum α-amylase, lipid profile, liver function biomarkers,
and kidney functions of diabetic mice. Moreover, the methanolic
extract ameliorated diabetes-related oxidative stress by increasing
superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and decreasing
peroxidase and malondialdehyde levels. Histopathological
examination showed that the plant extract had improved the integrity
of pancreatic islets of Langerhans and reduced the pathological
lesions in the liver and kidney of diabetic mice.
Conclusions: The methanolic extract of T. hirsuta exhibits
pronounced antidiabetic activity in mice through reduction of
oxidative stress. The plant extract has several natural antioxidants
such as phenolic acids. T. hirsuta extract could serve as a
nutraceutical for managing diabetes mellitus.

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